The implications of structuring effects in water, in particular when the water molecules are near enough to charged or polar molecules such as proteins to experience the electric field of those charged molecules, are being discussed by researchers all over the world these days. Here are some examples:

Details of the 2006 conference in Brattleboro can be found at this website: http://www.vermontphotonics.net/water_2006/index.html

One of the speakers at the Brattleboro conference was Steve Granick, a material scientist. His paper, Viscosity of Interfacial Water, discusses the changes in physical properties of water near charged surfaces.

Another eminent researcher in this area is Professor Rustum Roy of Penn State. From a materials science perspective, Prof. Roy and his collaborators discuss the huge variety of structures that can and do physically exist in pure water in a recent paper, The Structure Of Liquid Water; Novel Insights From Materials Research; Potential Relevance To Homeopathy. As is apparent from the title, the authors relate their findings to the current debate about the possible existence of so-called "homeopathic" water solutions.

The fact that water can be structured in different ways near charged surfaces seems to be well established. The question of whether the structuring of water in the presence of biomolecules has any functional significance is a closely related but separate matter. Pollack and Ling and many others believe that this structuring is implicated in function. Dr. Mae-wan Ho's views on this are very interesting. See her report on new views of the cellular role of water here: http://www.i-sis.org.uk/WITCRL.php Dr Ho was one of the speakers at the 2006 Brattleboro conference.

Papers by invitation only at the discretion of the chairman or chairwoman.